Post by nathanb on Aug 25, 2008 17:10:47 GMT -5
Today at 0:22, chrisc Waldensian wrote:
Nathan, Please do not rewrite Waldensian history. We were called several names from the beginning.
I would urge all to read this source--it even details how the erroneous notion of Waldensian antiquity came about.
www.xenos.org/essays/waldframe.htm
Beginnings
According to one report from an inquisition prosecution found in Church archives in Carcassonne, France, the movement known as the "Poor of Lyons" began in about 1170. The document goes on to state that Waldo himself had been a rich merchant who underwent a religious experience which led him to renounce all of his wealth, and ". . .observe a life of poverty and evangelical perfection, as the Apostles."12 This sort of commitment can hardly be considered unusual during this period of history. However, Waldo went further:
.......
The fact that Waldo and his followers rejected riches and lived an austere life was not objectionable to the hierarchy of the Roman Church. The same thing was being done by tens of thousands all over Europe. Neither do there seem to have been substantive doctrinal differences at first.
This last point is important, because the most intriguing aspect of the Poor is precisely that there was initially no important doctrinal difference. They saw themselves as Roman Catholics who were carrying the doctrines of Christianity further than their weaker brethren. They even sent a delegation to the third Lateran Council in 1179 to obtain Papal approval of their work. There they were examined by an English friar, Walter Mapes, who in 1184 was in Rome for the council. He recounts,
We saw Waldensian men in the Roman Council held by Pope Alexander the Third. They were simple and unlearned, and were thus called from the name of their founder, Valdo, who was a citizen of Lyons on the Rhone. They presented to the Pope a book written in the old Provencal language,15 in which there were texts and comments of the Psalms, and of many books of the Old and New Testament.16
Mapes questioned them at the council along the following lines,
Do you believe in God the Father? They answered, "We believe." And in God the Son? They answered "We believe" And in God the Holy Spirit? They answered, "We believe." And in the mother of Christ? They answered "We believe". . .
At this point the court broke out in laughter because according to Scholastic Theology, one could only use the formula "believe in" with reference to the Trinity. After this conversation, the delegation "withdrew, covered with disgrace," because they had fallen for a trick question.17 They were ordered to cease preaching, and obey their bishop.
It is easy to see from this incident that there was no serious issue of doctrine at stake. The Waldensian dispute then, centered on the issue of authority. It was the fact that they translated the scriptures, studied them, and "presumed" to preach what they believed, without reference to the clergy that was unacceptable.18 Melia declares,
. . .when John a Bellismanibus, Archbishop of Lyons, about the year 1182 . . .forbade them both to preach and . . .expelled them from his diocese; no mention was made of their holding any doctrine at variance with the teaching of the Church: they were simply expelled because, being laymen and illiterate, . . . they presumed, against the prohibition of their superiors, to preach, and exercise an office which was confided to the Apostles and to their successors only.19
They were arguing that they could draw insight directly from the pages of their translated Bibles rather than from the Roman Church.20 As one of our earliest sources, Alan of Lille put in his chapter entitled, "By what authority and for what reason it is shown that no one ought to preach unless he has permission from the Bishop,"
There are certain heretics. . .called Waldenses, after their heresiarch, who was named Waldus, who--led by his emotions, not sent by God--founded a new sect and presumed to preach without the authority of the Bishop, without divine inspiration, without knowledge, and without literacy. He was an irrational philosopher, a prophet without a vision, an apostle without a mission, a teacher without an instructor, and his foolish disciples have led the simple folk astray in many parts of the world.
~~ To Chris Waldensian:
Let us compare your website and source of information, and mine about Peter Waldo as your church Founder, his belief, teachings, orgin, and Itinerant ministry. Let the readers see where Peter Waldo got his idea, belief, Itinerant ministry from, Ok... Chris?
(Matthew 24:14) Jesus said to His disciples, "And this Gospel of the Kingdom shall be Preached in ALL the world as a Witness to ALL nations, and then shall the End Come." After Jesus' resurrection In (Matthew 28:16-20) Jesus spoke to the 11 apostles, "....Go ye therefore and Teach ALL nations, Baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: Teaching them to Observe ALL things whatsoever I have commanded you: and lo, I am with you always, even unto the End of the world."
In (Acts 1:1-11) Jesus said unto his disciples, "Ye shall receive Power, when the Holy Ghost comes upon you, and ye shall be "Witnesses" unto ME, both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea, and in Samaria, and unto the End part of the earth."
Paul's Fourth Mission Journey
It is clear from (Acts 13:1-21; 17) that Paul went on three journeys. There is also reason to believe that he made a "Fourth" journey after his "Release" from the Roman imprisonment recorded in (Acts 28). The conclusion that such a journey did, indeed, take place is based on:
1) Paul's declared intention to go to Spain (Romans 15:24,28).
2) Eusebius' implication that Paul was released following his first Roman imprisonment (Ecclesiastical History, 2.22.2-3).
3) Statements in early Christians literature that he took the gospel as far as Spain (Clement of Rome, epistle to the Corinthians, Chapter 5: actus Petri Vercellenses, chapter 1-3; Muratiorian Canon, lines 34-39). [New International Version].
The place Paul may have visited after his release from prison is indicated by statements of intention in his earlier writings, and by subsequent mention in the Pastoral letters. The order of his travel cannot be determined with certainty, but the itinerary below seems likely.
1. Rome--- released from prison (Acts 28) in A.D. 62
2. Spain--- 62-64 (Romans 15:24,28)
3. Crete---64-65 (Titus 1:5)
4. Miletus--- 65 (II Timothy 4:20)
5. Colosse---66 (Philemon 22)
6. Ephesus---66 (I Timothy 1:3)
7. Philippi--- 66 (Philippians; I Timothy 1:3)
8. Nicopolis---66, 67 (Titus 3:12)
9. Rome again---67
10. Martyrdom --- 67/68 Paul was beheaded by Emperor Nero in Rome.
After the church had received the power of the Holy Ghost on the day of Pentecost (Acts 2), it began, at once, to greatly multiply, and 8,000 souls were saved (Acts 2:41; Acts 4:4), to extend itself to the different cities and town of Judea.
At the close of the "apostolic period", the church had spread beyond the limits of Judea to Macedonia, Crete, Asia Minor (Turkey today), Pisidia, Greece, Italy, Cilicia, Pontus, Cappadocia, Bithynia, Spain, Gaul (France) and Britain. The successors of the "Apostles," who were commonly called the "Apostolic fathers," were Polycarp, Hermas, Clement or Rome, Ignatius, and Papias.
Apostolic Fathers' Writings
Clement of Rome 1st century. He may well have been a companion of both Peter and Paul (Phil. 4:3). On the behalf of the church in Rome, he wrote a letter to the Corinthian church, in aid the church leaders who had been ousted by a minority faction.
Ignatius (A.D. 35-107) A personal disciple of one or more apostles. He was executed in Rome A.D. 107. On his way to Rome as a prisoner, Ignatius wrote letters to several churches; these letters give considerable insight into the structure and beliefs of the churches in Asia Minor (Turkey) at the close of the apostolic age.
Papias (A.D.60-130) A disciple of John the apostle and a friend of Polycarp. He was a Bishop (pastor) of Hierapolis in Asia Minor (Turkey today). His testimony concerning the Gospels of Matthew and Mark has been invaluable to the church.
Polycarp (A.D. 69-156) Another disciple of John apostle. He was faithful bishop (pastor) of Smyrna. He was arrested in his old age and was burned to death.
Justin Martyr (A.D. 160) When the disciples had seen Jesus ascending into heaven, and had believed, and received the Power, He sent upon them from heaven, they went to Every race of men. And, they taught these things and were called apostles. These Twelve disciples went forth throughout the known parts of the world, and continued to show His greatness with all modesty and uprightness.
Clement of Alexandria (A.D. 195) Christ is said to have baptized Peter alone and Peter baptized Andrew; Andrew and, John. The two of them baptized James and the rest. To Jeame the Just. John, and Peter, the Lord imparted knowledge after His resurrection. These imparted it to the rest of the apostles. And the rest of the apostles imparted it to the "Seventy" (in Luke 10:1-2), of whom Barnabas was one.
Tertullian (A.D. 197) As their Divine Master commanded them, "When He, the Spirit of Truth will come, He will lead you into ALL truth." You have the work of the apostles also predicted: How beautiful are the feet of those who Preach the gospel of peace, which bring glad tidings of good NOT of war, nor evil tidings (Isa. 52:7). In response to which is the (Psalm 19:5) "Their voice is gone through all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world." We see the voice of the apostles have gone forth into all the earth, and their words to the end of the world. His disciples, also spreading over the world, did as their Master commanded them.
Origin (A.D. 245) On this account, the apostles LEFT Israel and accomplished that which had been commanded them by the Savior: "Make disciples of ALL the nations." It was by the help of a Divine power that these men taught Christianity, and succeeded in leading others to embrace the Word of God. For it was NOT any power of theirs speaking. At the request of their Master and God, the disciples scattered over the world and gave forth his teachings for Salvation.
Lactantius (A.D. 304-313) At this time after the ascension, his apostles were 11 in number. To them was added Matthias, in the place of the traitor Judas Isccariot. And, afterward Paul was added. Then they were dispersed throughout ALL the earth to Preach the gospel of the Lord, as their Master had commanded them. For the next 25 years (until the beginning of the reign of Emperor Nero), they busied themselves in laying the foundations of the churches in every province and city.
Paul's Missions' Journey and the Vaudois Christians/Apostles:
(Romans 15:24) Paul wrote approximately (A.D. 67) Whenever I journey to Spain, I shall come to you. (Col. 1:23) The gospel which you heard... was preached to every creature under heaven.
Clement of Rome (A.D.96) After preaching both in the east and west, Paul gained the illustrious reputation due to his faith, having taught righteousness to the whole world, and having come to the extreme limit of the west [the extreme limit of the west refers to either Spain or Britain.] Irenaeus (A.D. 180) The churches which have been planted in Germany do not believe or hand down anything different, nor do those in Spain, nor those in Gaul (France).
Tertullian (A.D. 197)... By this time, the name of Christ has reached the manifold confines of the Moors, (Germany) all the limits of Spain, the diverse nations of the Gaul (France) and the haunts the Britons inaccessible to the Romans, but subjugated to Christ... furthermore, there are Germans, Scythians, and persons of many remote nations and provinces and islands many to us unknown and which we can scarcely enumerate. In all the places, the name of Christ (who is already come) reigns. Christ's name extending everywhere, believed everywhere, worshipped by all the above-enumerated nations, and is reigning everywhere.
Mutatorian Fragment (A.D. 200) The principle on which Luke wrote was to write only of what fell under his own notice. And, he shows this clearly by the omission of martyrdom of Peter, and also of the journey of Paul, when he went from the city of Rome to Spain.
Nathan, Please do not rewrite Waldensian history. We were called several names from the beginning.
I would urge all to read this source--it even details how the erroneous notion of Waldensian antiquity came about.
www.xenos.org/essays/waldframe.htm
Beginnings
According to one report from an inquisition prosecution found in Church archives in Carcassonne, France, the movement known as the "Poor of Lyons" began in about 1170. The document goes on to state that Waldo himself had been a rich merchant who underwent a religious experience which led him to renounce all of his wealth, and ". . .observe a life of poverty and evangelical perfection, as the Apostles."12 This sort of commitment can hardly be considered unusual during this period of history. However, Waldo went further:
.......
The fact that Waldo and his followers rejected riches and lived an austere life was not objectionable to the hierarchy of the Roman Church. The same thing was being done by tens of thousands all over Europe. Neither do there seem to have been substantive doctrinal differences at first.
This last point is important, because the most intriguing aspect of the Poor is precisely that there was initially no important doctrinal difference. They saw themselves as Roman Catholics who were carrying the doctrines of Christianity further than their weaker brethren. They even sent a delegation to the third Lateran Council in 1179 to obtain Papal approval of their work. There they were examined by an English friar, Walter Mapes, who in 1184 was in Rome for the council. He recounts,
We saw Waldensian men in the Roman Council held by Pope Alexander the Third. They were simple and unlearned, and were thus called from the name of their founder, Valdo, who was a citizen of Lyons on the Rhone. They presented to the Pope a book written in the old Provencal language,15 in which there were texts and comments of the Psalms, and of many books of the Old and New Testament.16
Mapes questioned them at the council along the following lines,
Do you believe in God the Father? They answered, "We believe." And in God the Son? They answered "We believe" And in God the Holy Spirit? They answered, "We believe." And in the mother of Christ? They answered "We believe". . .
At this point the court broke out in laughter because according to Scholastic Theology, one could only use the formula "believe in" with reference to the Trinity. After this conversation, the delegation "withdrew, covered with disgrace," because they had fallen for a trick question.17 They were ordered to cease preaching, and obey their bishop.
It is easy to see from this incident that there was no serious issue of doctrine at stake. The Waldensian dispute then, centered on the issue of authority. It was the fact that they translated the scriptures, studied them, and "presumed" to preach what they believed, without reference to the clergy that was unacceptable.18 Melia declares,
. . .when John a Bellismanibus, Archbishop of Lyons, about the year 1182 . . .forbade them both to preach and . . .expelled them from his diocese; no mention was made of their holding any doctrine at variance with the teaching of the Church: they were simply expelled because, being laymen and illiterate, . . . they presumed, against the prohibition of their superiors, to preach, and exercise an office which was confided to the Apostles and to their successors only.19
They were arguing that they could draw insight directly from the pages of their translated Bibles rather than from the Roman Church.20 As one of our earliest sources, Alan of Lille put in his chapter entitled, "By what authority and for what reason it is shown that no one ought to preach unless he has permission from the Bishop,"
There are certain heretics. . .called Waldenses, after their heresiarch, who was named Waldus, who--led by his emotions, not sent by God--founded a new sect and presumed to preach without the authority of the Bishop, without divine inspiration, without knowledge, and without literacy. He was an irrational philosopher, a prophet without a vision, an apostle without a mission, a teacher without an instructor, and his foolish disciples have led the simple folk astray in many parts of the world.
~~ To Chris Waldensian:
Let us compare your website and source of information, and mine about Peter Waldo as your church Founder, his belief, teachings, orgin, and Itinerant ministry. Let the readers see where Peter Waldo got his idea, belief, Itinerant ministry from, Ok... Chris?
(Matthew 24:14) Jesus said to His disciples, "And this Gospel of the Kingdom shall be Preached in ALL the world as a Witness to ALL nations, and then shall the End Come." After Jesus' resurrection In (Matthew 28:16-20) Jesus spoke to the 11 apostles, "....Go ye therefore and Teach ALL nations, Baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost: Teaching them to Observe ALL things whatsoever I have commanded you: and lo, I am with you always, even unto the End of the world."
In (Acts 1:1-11) Jesus said unto his disciples, "Ye shall receive Power, when the Holy Ghost comes upon you, and ye shall be "Witnesses" unto ME, both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea, and in Samaria, and unto the End part of the earth."
Paul's Fourth Mission Journey
It is clear from (Acts 13:1-21; 17) that Paul went on three journeys. There is also reason to believe that he made a "Fourth" journey after his "Release" from the Roman imprisonment recorded in (Acts 28). The conclusion that such a journey did, indeed, take place is based on:
1) Paul's declared intention to go to Spain (Romans 15:24,28).
2) Eusebius' implication that Paul was released following his first Roman imprisonment (Ecclesiastical History, 2.22.2-3).
3) Statements in early Christians literature that he took the gospel as far as Spain (Clement of Rome, epistle to the Corinthians, Chapter 5: actus Petri Vercellenses, chapter 1-3; Muratiorian Canon, lines 34-39). [New International Version].
The place Paul may have visited after his release from prison is indicated by statements of intention in his earlier writings, and by subsequent mention in the Pastoral letters. The order of his travel cannot be determined with certainty, but the itinerary below seems likely.
1. Rome--- released from prison (Acts 28) in A.D. 62
2. Spain--- 62-64 (Romans 15:24,28)
3. Crete---64-65 (Titus 1:5)
4. Miletus--- 65 (II Timothy 4:20)
5. Colosse---66 (Philemon 22)
6. Ephesus---66 (I Timothy 1:3)
7. Philippi--- 66 (Philippians; I Timothy 1:3)
8. Nicopolis---66, 67 (Titus 3:12)
9. Rome again---67
10. Martyrdom --- 67/68 Paul was beheaded by Emperor Nero in Rome.
After the church had received the power of the Holy Ghost on the day of Pentecost (Acts 2), it began, at once, to greatly multiply, and 8,000 souls were saved (Acts 2:41; Acts 4:4), to extend itself to the different cities and town of Judea.
At the close of the "apostolic period", the church had spread beyond the limits of Judea to Macedonia, Crete, Asia Minor (Turkey today), Pisidia, Greece, Italy, Cilicia, Pontus, Cappadocia, Bithynia, Spain, Gaul (France) and Britain. The successors of the "Apostles," who were commonly called the "Apostolic fathers," were Polycarp, Hermas, Clement or Rome, Ignatius, and Papias.
Apostolic Fathers' Writings
Clement of Rome 1st century. He may well have been a companion of both Peter and Paul (Phil. 4:3). On the behalf of the church in Rome, he wrote a letter to the Corinthian church, in aid the church leaders who had been ousted by a minority faction.
Ignatius (A.D. 35-107) A personal disciple of one or more apostles. He was executed in Rome A.D. 107. On his way to Rome as a prisoner, Ignatius wrote letters to several churches; these letters give considerable insight into the structure and beliefs of the churches in Asia Minor (Turkey) at the close of the apostolic age.
Papias (A.D.60-130) A disciple of John the apostle and a friend of Polycarp. He was a Bishop (pastor) of Hierapolis in Asia Minor (Turkey today). His testimony concerning the Gospels of Matthew and Mark has been invaluable to the church.
Polycarp (A.D. 69-156) Another disciple of John apostle. He was faithful bishop (pastor) of Smyrna. He was arrested in his old age and was burned to death.
Justin Martyr (A.D. 160) When the disciples had seen Jesus ascending into heaven, and had believed, and received the Power, He sent upon them from heaven, they went to Every race of men. And, they taught these things and were called apostles. These Twelve disciples went forth throughout the known parts of the world, and continued to show His greatness with all modesty and uprightness.
Clement of Alexandria (A.D. 195) Christ is said to have baptized Peter alone and Peter baptized Andrew; Andrew and, John. The two of them baptized James and the rest. To Jeame the Just. John, and Peter, the Lord imparted knowledge after His resurrection. These imparted it to the rest of the apostles. And the rest of the apostles imparted it to the "Seventy" (in Luke 10:1-2), of whom Barnabas was one.
Tertullian (A.D. 197) As their Divine Master commanded them, "When He, the Spirit of Truth will come, He will lead you into ALL truth." You have the work of the apostles also predicted: How beautiful are the feet of those who Preach the gospel of peace, which bring glad tidings of good NOT of war, nor evil tidings (Isa. 52:7). In response to which is the (Psalm 19:5) "Their voice is gone through all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world." We see the voice of the apostles have gone forth into all the earth, and their words to the end of the world. His disciples, also spreading over the world, did as their Master commanded them.
Origin (A.D. 245) On this account, the apostles LEFT Israel and accomplished that which had been commanded them by the Savior: "Make disciples of ALL the nations." It was by the help of a Divine power that these men taught Christianity, and succeeded in leading others to embrace the Word of God. For it was NOT any power of theirs speaking. At the request of their Master and God, the disciples scattered over the world and gave forth his teachings for Salvation.
Lactantius (A.D. 304-313) At this time after the ascension, his apostles were 11 in number. To them was added Matthias, in the place of the traitor Judas Isccariot. And, afterward Paul was added. Then they were dispersed throughout ALL the earth to Preach the gospel of the Lord, as their Master had commanded them. For the next 25 years (until the beginning of the reign of Emperor Nero), they busied themselves in laying the foundations of the churches in every province and city.
Paul's Missions' Journey and the Vaudois Christians/Apostles:
(Romans 15:24) Paul wrote approximately (A.D. 67) Whenever I journey to Spain, I shall come to you. (Col. 1:23) The gospel which you heard... was preached to every creature under heaven.
Clement of Rome (A.D.96) After preaching both in the east and west, Paul gained the illustrious reputation due to his faith, having taught righteousness to the whole world, and having come to the extreme limit of the west [the extreme limit of the west refers to either Spain or Britain.] Irenaeus (A.D. 180) The churches which have been planted in Germany do not believe or hand down anything different, nor do those in Spain, nor those in Gaul (France).
Tertullian (A.D. 197)... By this time, the name of Christ has reached the manifold confines of the Moors, (Germany) all the limits of Spain, the diverse nations of the Gaul (France) and the haunts the Britons inaccessible to the Romans, but subjugated to Christ... furthermore, there are Germans, Scythians, and persons of many remote nations and provinces and islands many to us unknown and which we can scarcely enumerate. In all the places, the name of Christ (who is already come) reigns. Christ's name extending everywhere, believed everywhere, worshipped by all the above-enumerated nations, and is reigning everywhere.
Mutatorian Fragment (A.D. 200) The principle on which Luke wrote was to write only of what fell under his own notice. And, he shows this clearly by the omission of martyrdom of Peter, and also of the journey of Paul, when he went from the city of Rome to Spain.